Antihistamines (H1 histamine receptor antagonists) - Indications
- Motion sickness, morning sickness, opioid nausea
- Side effects
- Examples
- Cyclizine
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Dimenhydrinate
- Doxylamine
- Meclozine
- Promethazine
- Hydroxyzine
Dopamine antagonists - Indications
- Neoplastic disease, radiation sickness, opioids, cytotoxic drugs, general anaesthetics
- Side effects include
- Muscle spasms, restlessness
- Examples
- Domperidone
- Olanzapine
- Droperidol
- Haloperidol
- Chlorpromazine
- Promethazine
- Prochlorperazine (Stemetil)
- Alizapride
- Metoclopramide
5-HT3 receptor antagonists- Indications
- Post-operative and cytotoxic drug nausea & vomiting
- Side effects
- Constipation or diarrhea, dry mouth, fatigue
- Examples
- Ondansetron
- Dolasetron
- Granisetron
- Tropisetron
- Palonosetron
- Mirtazapine
Cannabinoids - Indications
- Cachexia, cytotoxic nausea/vomiting, unresponsive to other agents
- Side effects
- Changes in perception, dizziness, and loss of coordination
- Examples
- Cannabis
- Dronabinol
- Synthetic cannabinoids - Nabilone (Cesamet), JWH series
- Sativex
Neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist- Indications
- Chemotherapy, esp. delayed emesis
- Examples
Other
- Trimethobenzamide
- Thought to work on the CTZ
- Ginger
- Contains 5HT3 antagonists gingerols and shogaols
- Emetrol
- Propofol
- Peppermint
- Muscimol
- Ajwain
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