Kieran's Medical Notes
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Theophylline
Indications
COPD
asthma
infant apnea
Administration/Absorption
Distribution
Mechanism
methylxanthine
competitive nonselective
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
raises intracellular
cAMP
activates
PKA
inhibits TNF-alpha
inhibits
leukotriene
synthesis
reduces inflammation
and
innate immunity
nonselective
adenosine receptor
antagonist
Effects
relaxing bronchial
smooth muscle
increasing heart muscle contractility and efficiency; as a positive
inotropic
increasing heart rate: positive
chronotropic
increasing
blood pressure
increasing
renal
blood flow
some
anti-inflammatory
effects
central nervous system
stimulatory effect mainly on the medullary
respiratory center
.
Excretion
Side effects
Comments