Motor Neuro Exam - Muscles and Nerves
Shoulder |
Abduction
|
C5
|
Deltoid
|
Axillary
|
|
Adduction
|
C5-C7
|
Pectoralis major
|
Pectoral
|
Elbow
|
Flexion
|
C5-C6
|
Biceps Brachialis
|
Musculocutaneous |
|
Extension
|
C7
|
Triceps
|
Radial
|
Wrist
|
Flexion
|
C7-C8
|
Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris
|
Median Ulnar
|
|
Extension
|
C6-C7
|
Extensor carpi radialis |
Radial
|
Fingers
|
Flexion
|
C8
|
Flexor digitorum profundus |
Median
|
|
Extension
|
C7
|
Extensor digitorum Extensor indicis Extensor digiti minimi |
Radial
|
|
Abduction
|
T1
|
Dorsal interossei Abductor digiti minimi |
Ulnar
|
Thumb
| Abduction
| C8-T1
| Abductor pollicis brevis
| Median
|
Hip
|
Flexion
|
L1-L2
|
Iliopsoas |
Femoral
|
|
Adduction
|
L2-L3
|
Obturator externus Adductor longus, magnus, brevis Gracilis |
Obturator
|
|
Extension
|
L5-S1
|
Gluteus maximus |
Gluteal
|
Knee
|
Flexion
|
L5-S1
|
Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps femoris |
Sciatic
|
|
Extension
|
L3-L4
|
Quadriceps
|
Femoral
|
Ankle
|
Dorsiflexion
|
L4
|
Tibialis anterior |
Deep peroneal
|
|
Eversion
|
L5-S1
|
Peroneus longus Peroneus brevis |
Superficial peroneal |
|
Plantarflexion
|
S1-S2
|
Gastrocnemius Soleus |
Tibial
|
Big Toe
|
Extension
|
L5
|
Extensor hallucis longus |
Deep peroneal |
Nerve RootsLevel |
Function |
C1-C6 |
Neck flexors |
C1-T1 |
Neck extensors |
C3, C4, C5 |
Supply diaphragm (mostly C4) |
C5, C6 |
Shoulder movement, raise arm (deltoid); flexion of elbow (biceps); C6 externally rotates the arm (supinates) |
C6, C7 |
Extends elbow and wrist (triceps and wrist extensors); pronates wrist |
C7, T1 |
Flexes wrist |
C7, T1 |
Supply small muscles of the hand |
T1 -T6 |
Intercostals and trunk above the waist |
T7-L1 |
Abdominal muscles |
L1, L2, L3, L4 |
Thigh flexion |
L2, L3, L4 |
Thigh adduction |
L4, L5, S1 |
Thigh abduction |
L5, S1, S2 |
Extension of leg at the hip (gluteus maximus) |
L2, L3, L4 |
Extension of leg at the knee (quadriceps femoris) |
L4, L5, S1, S2 |
Flexion of leg at the knee (hamstrings) |
L4, L5, S1 |
Dorsiflexion of foot (tibialis anterior) |
L4, L5, S1 |
Extension of toes |
L5, S1, S2 |
Plantar flexion of foot |
L5, S1, S2 |
Flexion of toes |
|
|