Motor Neuro Exam - Muscles and Nerves
| Shoulder |
Abduction
|
C5
|
Deltoid
|
Axillary
|
| |
Adduction
|
C5-C7
|
Pectoralis major
|
Pectoral
|
Elbow
|
Flexion
|
C5-C6
|
Biceps
Brachialis
|
Musculocutaneous |
| |
Extension
|
C7
|
Triceps
|
Radial
|
Wrist
|
Flexion
|
C7-C8
|
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
|
Median
Ulnar
|
| |
Extension
|
C6-C7
|
Extensor carpi radialis |
Radial
|
Fingers
|
Flexion
|
C8
|
Flexor digitorum profundus |
Median
|
| |
Extension
|
C7
|
Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digiti minimi |
Radial
|
| |
Abduction
|
T1
|
Dorsal interossei
Abductor digiti minimi |
Ulnar
|
Thumb
| Abduction
| C8-T1
| Abductor pollicis brevis
| Median
|
Hip
|
Flexion
|
L1-L2
|
Iliopsoas |
Femoral
|
| |
Adduction
|
L2-L3
|
Obturator externus
Adductor longus, magnus, brevis
Gracilis |
Obturator
|
| |
Extension
|
L5-S1
|
Gluteus maximus |
Gluteal
|
Knee
|
Flexion
|
L5-S1
|
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris |
Sciatic
|
| |
Extension
|
L3-L4
|
Quadriceps
|
Femoral
|
Ankle
|
Dorsiflexion
|
L4
|
Tibialis anterior |
Deep peroneal
|
| |
Eversion
|
L5-S1
|
Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis |
Superficial peroneal |
| |
Plantarflexion
|
S1-S2
|
Gastrocnemius
Soleus |
Tibial
|
Big Toe
|
Extension
|
L5
|
Extensor hallucis longus |
Deep peroneal |
Nerve Roots| Level |
Function |
|---|
| C1-C6 |
Neck flexors |
| C1-T1 |
Neck extensors |
| C3, C4, C5 |
Supply diaphragm (mostly C4) |
| C5, C6 |
Shoulder movement, raise arm (deltoid); flexion of elbow (biceps); C6 externally rotates the arm (supinates) |
| C6, C7 |
Extends elbow and wrist (triceps and wrist extensors); pronates wrist |
| C7, T1 |
Flexes wrist |
| C7, T1 |
Supply small muscles of the hand |
| T1 -T6 |
Intercostals and trunk above the waist |
| T7-L1 |
Abdominal muscles |
| L1, L2, L3, L4 |
Thigh flexion |
| L2, L3, L4 |
Thigh adduction |
| L4, L5, S1 |
Thigh abduction |
| L5, S1, S2 |
Extension of leg at the hip (gluteus maximus) |
| L2, L3, L4 |
Extension of leg at the knee (quadriceps femoris) |
| L4, L5, S1, S2 |
Flexion of leg at the knee (hamstrings) |
| L4, L5, S1 |
Dorsiflexion of foot (tibialis anterior) |
| L4, L5, S1 |
Extension of toes |
| L5, S1, S2 |
Plantar flexion of foot |
| L5, S1, S2 |
Flexion of toes |
|
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