Bipolar disorder
- Danger of mixed states - Able to act on depressive thoughts of self-harm
- Danger of prescribing antidepressants in bipolar (misdiagnosis)
- Rapid cycling, mania, mixed state, suicide
- Especially difficult in Bipolar II as they often don't complain when they're hypomanic
- Epilepsy link: ECT, Antiepileptics in bipolar
Cortical vs Subcortical dementia-
Cortical
- Memory, word recall, aphasia
- Alzheimer's, Pick's disease, Binswanger's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
- Subcortical
- Changes in personality and a slowing down of
thought processes; Language and memory functions largely unaffected
- Huntington's disease, Parkinson's, AIDS dementia complex
Notes- EPSEs are typically bilateral; Parkinson's tends to be more unilateral
- Memento is not realistic as he retains insight
- Memantine - Novel Alzheimer's/DLB drug - Blocks NMDA-type glutamate receptors
- Double depression = Depressive episode on top of dysthymia
- MMSE cutoff = 27
- Tractography - Human connectome project
- Psychosis is TOXIC => Further damage
- Dementia = "Syndrome of acquired global cognitive deficit, in clear consciousness, with progressive course"
- Epilepsy as DDx of psychiatric illness
- Temperament (in-born) vs Personality (developed)
- 1E11 neurons per brain; 1E5 synapses per neuron
- Fronto-temporal dementia = Alzeheimer's for the frontal loba; Slow decline
- Hypersensitivity to antipsychotics in DLB
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