Headache Hx- How long have you had headaches?
- How often do you have headaches?
- Are they becoming more frequent?
- If daily, how long have they happened every day?
- Where in the head are they?
- What quality do they have?
- e.g. pressing, throbbing, pounding etc.
- How long do they last?
- Are there any visual or sensory symptoms, if so how long do they last?
- Is the headache associated with nausea or aversion to light (photophobia)?
- Do you take medications for the headaches including painkillers?
Blackout Hx- How many attacks have you had?
- When did they start?
- What were you doing when the attack started?
- Where you standing or seated/ lying when the attack started?
- Was there any warning, or did the attack come on suddenly?
- What was the warning like?
- What happened next?
- Was there a witness?
- Establish if the patient actually collapsed to the floor / lost consciousness
- Did you shake? For how long?
- How long did it take to recover?
Notes
- Spasticity affects the agonist, Rigidity is in both
- => Systematically check both directions at each joint
- Pyramidal signs
- Upper limb extensors
- Lower limb flexors
- Types of spasm
- Adductor (cross legs)
- Flexor (bend legs)
- Corticospinal tract:
- Goes through the internal capsule
- Crosses at the medulla
- Drugs linked to myopathy
- Myopathy tends to be proximal + symmetrical
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