12.09.19 Vascular anomalies

Terminology

Classification

Vascular tumors

    • Infantile Hemangioma

      • Appears in first 4 weeks of life

      • Grows over 9-12 months

      • Then often involutes

    • Congenital Hemangioma

      • Fully formed at birth

      • Types:

        • Rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH)

        • Non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH)

    • Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma

      • Locally aggressive but not metastatic

      • => Thrombocytopenia due to sequestration of platelets

      • Hard to treat surgically

      • Use interferon alpha

    • Pyogenic granuloma

      • Small, benign

      • May be complicated by bleeding, crusting and ulceration

Vascular malformations

    • Slow-flow vascular malformations

      • Capillary malformation

        • Flat, reddish lesions that typically affect the skin, mostly around the head and the neck

        • Darken with age

      • Venous malformation

        • Bluish lesion

        • Compressible on palpation

        • Enlarge with physical activity or a dependent position

      • Lymphatic malformation

    • Fast-flow vascular malformations

      • Arterial malformation

      • Arteriovenous fistula (AVF)

      • Arteriovenous malformation

    • Combined-complex vascular malformations

      • CVM: capillary venous malformation

      • CLM: capillary lymphatic malformation

      • LVM: lymphatic venous malformation

      • CLVM: capillary lymphatic venous malformation

      • AVM-LM: Arteriovenous malformation- lymphatic malformation

      • CM-AVM: capillary malformation- arteriovenous malformation

Phakomatoses